Gun laws in Virginia strike a balance between protecting Second Amendment rights and enforcing strict regulations to ensure public safety. For residents of Fairfax, Arlington, Loudoun, Prince William, and surrounding Northern Virginia counties, understanding these laws is crucial, whether you’re a firearm owner, applying for a concealed handgun permit, or facing gun-related charges.
Overview of Gun Laws in Virginia
Virginia’s gun laws, outlined in Sections 18.2-279 to 18.2-312 of the Virginia Code, govern firearm possession, carry, and use. These laws allow open carry for most adults while imposing restrictions on concealed carry, prohibited weapons, and specific locations. In 2025, updates to concealed carry reciprocity and gun rights restoration processes have introduced new considerations for residents.
Key Provisions of Virginia Gun Laws
- Open Carry: Adults 18+ can openly carry a handgun without a permit, except in restricted areas like schools, courthouses, or air carrier terminals (Section 18.2-287.4).
- Concealed Carry: A concealed handgun permit (CHP) is required for concealed carry. Virginia recognizes CHPs from 36 states as of 2025, but local jurisdictions like Fairfax enforce strict compliance.
- Prohibited Firearms: Ownership of plastic firearms, Armsel Striker shotguns, or sawed-off shotguns/rifles is illegal (Section 18.2-308.5). Glock pistols are exempt due to metal components.
- Magazine Capacity: No statewide limit on magazine capacity, but permits are required for carry in certain public spaces.
- Firearm Purchases: Buyers must be 18+ for rifles/shotguns and 21+ for handguns from licensed dealers, with background checks required (Section 18.2-308.2:2).
- Private Sales: Sellers must verify the buyer’s eligibility through a licensed dealer’s background check, with a fee up to $15.
2025 Updates
- Concealed Carry Permits: Virginia streamlined CHP applications in 2025, requiring online training and background checks. Fairfax and Loudoun Counties emphasize thorough documentation.
- Gun Rights Restoration: Felons can petition for restoration after completing their sentence, with courts prioritizing evidence of rehabilitation (e.g., clean record, community involvement).
- Reciprocity: Virginia updated its reciprocity agreements, recognizing CHPs from states like Texas and Florida, but non-residents must verify permit validity.
Common Gun Charges and Penalties in Virginia
Violating Virginia’s gun laws can lead to misdemeanor or felony charges, depending on the offense and intent. Below are key charges and their penalties in 2025:
| Charge | Code Section | Classification | Penalties |
| Discharging Firearm in Public (No Harm) | 18.2-280 | Class 1 Misdemeanor | Up to 1 year in jail, $2,500 fine |
| Discharging Firearm in Public (Harm) | 18.2-280 | Class 6 Felony | Up to 5 years in prison, $2,500 fine |
| Discharging Firearm from Vehicle (Intent to Harm) | 18.2-286.1 | Class 5 Felony | Up to 7 years in prison, $2,500 fine |
| Carrying Weapon in Courthouse | 18.2-283.1 | Class 1 Misdemeanor | Up to 1 year in jail, $2,500 fine |
| Possession of Sawed-Off Shotgun/Rifle | 18.2-300 | Class 4 Felony | 2–10 years in prison, $100,000 fine |
| Intimidation with Firearm | 18.2-282 | Class 6 Felony | Up to 5 years in prison, $2,500 fine |
Concealed Handgun Permits in Virginia
Obtaining a CHP in Virginia requires:
- Eligibility: Be 21+, a Virginia resident (or military stationed in Virginia), and pass a background check.
- Training: Complete an approved firearms training course (in-person or online in 2025).
- Application: Submit to the circuit court in your county (e.g., Fairfax or Loudoun) with a $50 fee. Processing takes up to 45 days.
- Reciprocity: Virginia honors CHPs from 36 states, but non-residents must carry valid permits and photo ID (Section 18.2-308.01).
If your address changes, notify the Virginia State Police Firearms Transaction Center (FTC) to update your resident or non-resident CHP. Our attorneys can assist with applications or appeals if a permit is denied.
FAQs
Can I open carry in Virginia without a permit
Yes, adults 18+ can openly carry a handgun, except in restricted areas like schools or courthouses (Section 18.2-287.4).
Do I need to notify the police about my CHP during a traffic stop?
No, but you must carry your CHP and photo ID when carrying concealed and present them upon request (Section 18.2-308.01).
What are the age requirements for buying firearms?
You must be 18+ for rifles/shotguns and 21+ for handguns from licensed dealers. No age limit applies to ammunition purchases under Virginia law.
Can non-residents get a Virginia CHP?
Yes, non-residents can apply for a Virginia CHP under Section 18.2-308.06, processed through the Virginia State Police.
How do I restore my gun rights after a felony?
Petition the circuit court after completing your sentence, with evidence of rehabilitation. Our attorneys can guide you through the process.
Need Help with Gun Laws in Northern Virginia? Contact Us Today
Navigating Virginia’s gun laws can be complex, especially if you’re facing charges or seeking to restore your rights. The Law Offices of Krum, Gergely, & Oates offers expert legal guidance in Fairfax, Arlington, Loudoun, Prince William, and surrounding counties. Our experienced Virginia gun attorneys will protect your Second Amendment rights, defend against charges, or assist with CHP applications and restoration petitions. Call (703) 988-3711 or fill out our form for a free consultation today. Act now to safeguard your rights!
